Palm Sunday: Parade, Procession, Protest

Palm Sunday: Parade, Procession, Protest

 
 
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Sermon — April 13, 2025

The Rev. Greg Johnston

Lectionary Readings

Every year, when we reach this moment, I’m struck again by the emotional weight. It’s one thing to sit down and write a Palm Sunday sermon at my desk, knowing in theory that we will have just read the story of Jesus’ suffering and death. But it’s another thing entirely to hear that story read aloud, and then to open my mouth to speak. Palm Sunday has an extraordinary emotional range: it plummets all the way down into the depths of human suffering from the heights of a parade.

A parade. Or a procession. Or maybe a protest. What Jesus and the disciples did on Palm Sunday contains elements of all three. Each of these things is different from the others, and yet there’s something that’s the same: processions and protests and parades all do something to form us into a people who have a shared past and belong to a certain place, and for one reason or another, human beings love a good parade.

So this spring, for example, our neighborhood will host an extra-exuberant Bunker Hill Day parade, commemorating the 250th anniversary of the battle. Like any patriotic march, Bunker Hill Day remembers the past, but it’s really about the present. It’s forms a shared identity, for the people who live in the neighborhood today. It maintains a connection for people who grew up here and come back for the day. It connects us all to the events of the past in a way that speaks to the present: this is the home of a people who fight against tyranny.

Religious processions work in a similar way. In the English countryside, on a “Rogation Day,” the whole community would gather to process around the borders of the parish, asking God’s blessings on the land, and tying the people to the land. In August you can attend processions three days in a row, in honor of Saints Lucia and Leonard and Anthony, in which their societies process around the streets of the North End, connecting the stories of the saints of the past to the identity of their people in the present and, maybe more important, laying claim to the neighborhood in which they or their ancestors lived. And just this morning, you joined in a procession around this very church, a reenactment, in a way, of that day on which Jesus entered Jerusalem as he prepared to face his death.

Jesus’ Palm Sunday ride has the celebratory feel of a parade. It has the religious elements of a procession. But really, it was more like a protest. After all, a parade is an official celebration. A procession gathers a whole community. But Palm Sunday was a divisive, political act.


The Gospel of Luke tells us that it’s not the crowds or the people as a whole who cry out and chant along the way, “Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord!” It’s the disciples in particular, Jesus’ own supporters. And they’re making a political claim. Blessed is the king, they say. But Jesus isn’t on the throne. Only Rome could appoint a king within the bounds of its empire. And for a crowd of Galileans to declare Jesus a king was a political act, a rebellion against the rule of Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor. Not everyone is on board. There are counter-protestors! The Pharisees tell Jesus, “Teacher, order your disciples to stop!” (Luke 19:39) They know how the Romans will react.

But Jesus doesn’t stop them. Nothing can stop them. They’re saying what they say because they believe it to the core. And if they were silent, the very stones would shout out. (19:40)

The disciples’ rally may seem pointless. Protests often do, especially in a one-party state like ours, where liberals and conservatives alike often sense there’s no use trying to persuade politicians. And that’s in our society, where “the right of the people peaceably to assemble” is constitutionally guaranteed. How much more pointless would protest seem in an empire like Rome, where the only guarantee is that the powers that be will come down hard on anyone who dares oppose the empire?

But protest isn’t pointless. It wasn’t pointless then, and it isn’t pointless now. Because an act of protest, like a parade, or a procession, isn’t only about what it does out there. It’s also about what it does in here. It’s not only about changing the world, it’s about changing the people who participate.


In the short term, you might say the disciples’ protest doesn’t do much. It’s counter-productive, really. The disciples’ claim that Jesus is King leads directly to his death. It’s the very charge that the Romans put over his cross. And the group of people brought together by this movement seems to fall apart. Their peaceful protest on the road leads to violence in the Garden. The people who gather with Jesus around the Table abandon and betray him by the next day. He faces his last moments alone, except for the bandits hanging on either side and the faithful women who have followed him to the end. And it seems that all that energy and momentum, all those chants and songs and cloaks laid on the road, have gone nowhere. Jesus dies on the cross, and the movement ends, and on the Sabbath they rest.

But the story doesn’t actually end there. I’m not going to jump ahead to next Sunday’s events; I don’t want to spoil them for you. But even when Jesus is dead, the movement isn’t gone. On the day after the Sabbath, the women return to the tomb together. They hear remarkable news and they go and find the apostles, who are together. The community that they built out on the road hasn’t scattered to the four winds. They came all the way from Galilee to Jerusalem together, and they are together still, even though Jesus is gone. The group of individuals who walked, and sang, and chanted all that way have become a people. A people who will go on, even after their darkest days, to do incredible things.

Those individuals who laid their cloaks down on the road have become a people, and this is the place in which the memories of the past will become a new reality in the present. And we, who processed around this church, have become a people, and this is our place. So may the same Spirit who drew them together on the road and sent them out into the world draw us together today, and send us out as well, to love God with all our hearts and souls and strengths and minds; and to love our neighbors as ourselves; through Jesus Christ. Amen.

Entering Holy Week

This is a lightly-edited version of my Holy Week post from 2022, with updated dates and some changes to the opening reflection. If you remember reading it back then, kudos! Your memory is better than mine.

I’ve experienced many strange things as a priest, but by far the strangest was being mocked by a man wearing tights and carrying a musket for shamelessly going around outside without wearing a hat.

It was a Monday morning in mid-April, and I was at the Old Burying Ground in Lincoln, where I had been invited to offer prayers for the fallen British regulars who’d been buried there after the Battle of Concord in 1775. (The Congregationalist minister was invited to pray for the fallen colonial militia. Go figure.) Except for the two clergymen and a rather-uncomfortable representative from the British Consulate, the event consisted entirely of historical reenactors: men dressed in the uniforms of the British Army or the humble clothing of the Minute Men, shooting off blanks from authentic flintlock muskets in memory of the events of the past.

Our Holy Week can sometimes like feel an historical reenactment of the same kind, as we remember the events of the last week of Jesus’ life and act them out: waving palms, washing feet, breaking bread, and even giving voice to the main characters of the story in dramatic passion plays.

But Holy Week is not quite a historical reenactment. We don’t try to replicate the details of clothes or tools. We don’t dress in ancient garb or use first-century towels to dry our feet. Ours is a symbolic reenactment, pulling out a few key practices and moments from the events of Holy Week and reshaping them into the form of our liturgies.

But we share the same simple idea: that human beings are more than disembodied minds. By reenacting what has been, we learn from and experience the events of the past and allow them to shape us in the present and for the future. By reenacting the struggle for freedom, we strive to remain a free people. By reenacting Jesus’ acts of love, we allows ourselves to be formed into more loving people.

The services of Holy Week are always quieter and more intimate than our larger Sunday liturgies. It can be hard to fit them into an otherwise-busy week. But I want to invite you to join us this year, even for just one or two, and to allow yourself to reenact, for a moment, one part of the story of God’s love for you.

Palm Sunday — April 13 — 10am

We celebrate Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem with a parade of palms, and remember the crushing disappointment of his betrayal, arrest, and death with a reading of the Passion According to Luke.

This year’s service will begin in the Sanctuary with a celebratory anthem from the Junior Choir.

Maundy Thursday — April 17 — 6pm

As Jesus gathered with his disciples for a Last Supper together, we share a simple meal. As he taught them his “new commandment” to love one another as he loved them, and then humbly knelt to wash the dirt from their feet, we wash one another’s feet. As darkness fell and he went out to the Garden to pray, we strip the decorations and ornaments from our sanctuary and bring the Blessed Sacrament to rest in a Garden of Repose.

The service begins around the table in the Parish House, and moves to the Sanctuary for foot-washing and the Eucharist. (Participation in foot-washing is completely optional!)

Good Friday — April 18 — 7pm

We remember again the events of Jesus’ betrayal, arrest, trial, and death with a solemn service of readings and prayers, and venerate the cross on which he died and through which he destroyed the power of death.

Holy Saturday — April 19 — 12pm

One of the simplest, most austere, but most moving services of the year, the Liturgy of the Word for Holy Saturday reflects on the day in which Jesus rested in the tomb, and offers prayers drawn from our funeral services.

This is a short service of prayer and reflection, with no music.

The Great Vigil of Easter — April 19 — 7pm

Our celebration of Easter begins with the kindling of a new fire and the retelling of the whole story of salvation, stretching from the moment of creation through Easter morning, followed by a festive celebration of the first Eucharist of Easter.

The Easter Vigil is the first celebration of Easter, so we follow it with a festive champagne and chocolate reception to break the Lenten fast!

Easter Sunday — April 20 — 10am

We journey with the women who followed Jesus to the door of his empty tomb, and see their astonishment to find him risen, crying aloud our words of praise: “Alleluia! Christ is risen!”

This is a large and celebratory service, followed by an Easter Egg Hunt in the Garden for our kids!

A Pound of Nard

A Pound of Nard

 
 
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Sermon — April 6, 2025

The Rev. Greg Johnston

Lectionary Readings

“But Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples… said,
‘Why was this perfume not sold…and the money given to the poor?’” (John 12:5)

I have to say, I’m pretty sympathetic to this question. Leave aside, for a minute, the parenthetical remark about Judas, and imagine yourself in the room.

Jesus and his disciples have come to dinner with Mary and Martha and Lazarus. They’re reclining around the dinner table, as ancient people did for formal meals. It was a normal thing to do to offer water for your guests to wash their feet before the meal, or to have a servant wash them, or even to offer to wash them yourself. In a dusty place where people wear sandals, this is a basic way of making people comfortable as a host, the local equivalent of asking “Can I take your coat?”

In a place and time without commercial soap production, oil was often used to wash or bathe. washing the feet with oil might be a step above washing with plain water, but it was probably a normal thing. Using perfumed oil would be even more luxurious, but not bizarre.

Mary does do something a little strange. Rather than scraping off the oil with a metal scraper like you might see in a museum, or with a cloth or a towel, she wipes the oil from Jesus’ feet with her hair. Which is odd. But in another way, it’s perfectly in character, because this is Mary we’re talking about, and this Mary—not the mother of Jesus, but the sister of Martha and Lazarus—this Mary is known for her single-minded, almost over-the-top devotion to Jesus, which sometimes comes at the expense of the practicalities of life. You might recall the other story of Mary and Martha, in which Mary leaves Martha alone to do all the work of hosting Jesus and his other disciples, while Mary sits attentively at his feet. (Luke 10:38–42)

And so perhaps it comes as no surprise that Mary acts this way. She doesn’t offer a bowl of water to Jesus to wash his feet. She doesn’t have a servant carry out the task. No, Mary’s going to wash his feet herself, and to wipe them off with her own hair; this kind of whole-hearted attention has Mary written all over it.

And she does it lavishly. And that’s where the grumbling begins. Mary doesn’t dry Jesus’ feet with her hair because she can’t afford a cloth. She doesn’t offer him a bowl of plain water with apologies for her frugality. No! She anoints his feet with perfume, she washes his feet with a whole pound of oil infused with nard, an exotic aromatic plant. Try to picture a pound of perfumed oil. 16 ounces or so, about a pint. That’s a very high perfume-to-foot ratio. By Judas’s reckoning, this is 300 denarii worth of foot cream—ten months’ wages for a laborer like one of the disciples—and there it is, poured out on Jesus’ feet, and dripping onto the floor.


People often criticize churches for spending money less than immediate needs. Rather than feed the hungry, we repair bells, and refurbish organs, and restore stained glass. There’s an answer for this: These things last for decades, and they enrich our community with beauty. There are neighbors who never walk through these doors who’ve told me that they love to hear our bell ring again. There’s a caretaker who visits a parishioner who likes to stop and look at the stained glass, even from the outside. Anyone can come and hear a brilliant organist play a beautiful instrument any time, free of charge.

But this perfume? It’s poured out on Jesus’ feet, and the fragrance fills the house for a night, and then it’s gone. 300 denarii down the drain, never to be smelled again; that’s ten months’ wages of operating money, not a capital expense. (If you’re laughing and you haven’t served on the Vestry yet, I’ve got a great opportunity for you.)

So I’m sympathetic to what Judas has to say: ‘Why was this perfume not sold…and the money given to the poor?’” Some of you might be sympathetic as well. This isn’t good stewardship of the gifts that Mary has been given. Having heard everything that Jesus has to say, wouldn’t you think that he would want that money to help someone else, rather than be poured out on his feet? But no, Jesus says, “Leave her alone… You always have the poor with you, but you do not always have me.” (John 12:7–8) And thereby he provides an easy quote, which the Church has used for two thousand years to justify spending money on itself, in sometimes frivolous ways. It leaves me with a little bit of an ick.

I’m pretty sure that John the Evangelist felt that ick as well. Because while stories like this appear in all the Gospels, it’s only in John that we get the details about Judas’s motives. In Matthew and in Mark, the disciples in general criticize the waste. And Jesus responds in the same way: “You always have the poor with you, but you do not always have me.” But I get the sense that John isn’t totally convinced. And so he notes that it was Judas who asked this question, and, oh, by the way, it wasn’t in good faith—Judas is just going to steal the cash. Jesus gives a theological response, and it reads as if John thinks it’s a little weak, so he bolsters it with an ad hominem attack.

But I don’t think Jesus is giving us an excuse. It just doesn’t make sense that the Jesus who begins his ministry in the Gospel of Luke by saying that “the Spirit of the Lord has anointed [him] to bring good news to the poor” would end it by being anointed by Mary in order to deliver the dismissive bad news that “you’ll always have the poor with you,” so you don’t need to lend a helping hand. But if that’s not what it means—then what’s going on instead?


Something like a thousand years before, the rise of the great King David had begun with his anointing by the prophet Samuel. Samuel goes to try to figure out which of the seven sons of Jesse God has chosen to be king, and one by one the Spirit rules them out, until the youngest is called in from where he’s been keeping the sheep. Samuel takes a horn of oil, and pours it on his head. He anoints him. In Hebrew, he yimshah him; and this is where we get the word “Messiah,” “anointed one.” In Greek, he echrisen him, and this is where we get “Christ,” “anointed one.” David is the Messiah, the Christ, the Anointed King. And ] people in Jesus’ day were hoping for a new Messiah, a new Christ, a new Anointed King.

And now, six days before the Passover, before the great national feast, which celebrates the people’s liberation from an oppressive Pharaoh’s rule, Mary anoints Jesus. And the very next day, what we call Palm Sunday, Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem takes place. It’s as if Mary is Samuel, and this anointing is the beginning of Jesus’ rise to power.

Except… it’s an anointing turned upside down, the anointing of a king who will turn the whole idea of kingship upside down. Samuel sought out David, but Jesus comes to Mary instead. Samuel needed the Spirit’s guidance to recognize the future king, but Mary is full of single-minded devotion. Samuel anoints David’s head, Mary anoints Jesus’ feet. David’s anointing begins his ascent to the throne, Jesus’ anointing begins his ascent to the Cross. David’s is a royal ritual; Jesus’ is a preparation for burial.

“I am about to do a new thing,” God says. (Isaiah 43:18–19) And Jesus is a new thing indeed. He’s going to be a new kind of king, he’s going to make the people around him a new kind of people.


We often think, in our democracy, that people hold certain ethical beliefs, and these lead them to political views, that then lead them to support certain leaders. I’d suggest to you that it really works the other way around: people choose to follow a charismatic leader, a person they come to trust, whose own priorities can reshape their views about policy or morality. And I often worry that the church sounds too much like Judas or the other disciples who scold, who tell people, with good intentions, what they ought to do in the name of Christianity; and too little like Mary, who lets her whole life be transformed and restructured by the choice to follow Christ.

Mary doesn’t sell the perfume to feed the hungry or clothe the naked. It’s true. She wastes it all to express her devotion to a king who bends the knee to wash his people’s feet; who tells her that she’ll meet him when she feeds people who are hungry, and visits people in prison; whose followers, in the Book of Acts, would sell not only a jar of perfume but everything they had and distribute the money to those who were in need. (Acts 2:44) It’s an anointing turned upside down for a man who turns kingship upside down, and whose people the Romans would one day accuse of turning the world upside down. (Acts 17:6) May God give us the strength so to pour out the perfume of our hearts in service to God’s love, that we may one day stand accused of turning the world upside down. Amen.

The Prodigal Son

The Prodigal Son

 
 
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Sermon — March 30, 2025

Michael Fenn

Lectionary Readings

It may come as no surprise that I, your seminarian, was a bit of a “church kid” growing up. I was in church pretty much every Sunday up until the age of fifteen, when I got confirmed. After I got confirmed, my attendance was sporadic but still pretty steady. Even so, I was still going to youth events around the diocese and to Christian summer camp. My point being, I have been around the block a few times. 

My whole childhood and adolescence I had gone about with the assumption that Lent was certainly somewhere in the Bible. Maybe we just read it in church during the summers when I was away at camp. Or that we read it on a Sunday that I just happened to miss every three years. Maybe it was in part of the Bible that wasn’t in any Bible study type curriculum. It was never something pressing enough for me to go and check in about it with anyone. I was very content knowing that it was in there somewhere. 

Eventually, I got to seminary and began my classes in the Bible, with this pondering about Lent somewhere in the back of my mind. My first semester, I get through my class on the gospels…and, no Lent. No big deal, it is probably in the other part of the New Testament, which we were taking in the second semester. I get through the second half of the New Testament and…weirdly enough….no Lent. A bit strange, but maybe it is in the Old Testament. Got through that class too, and you may have already guessed….still no Lent. You can fact check me on this one, Lent does not *strictly speaking, appear anywhere in the Bible. 

So if not the Bible, where does this whole season of great importance come from? It seems that the very earliest Christians observed a kind of fast in the days immediately preceding Easter Sunday, but it was only a few days long. Eventually it would get a bit longer, and then at some point it was lengthened to mirror the 40 days that Jesus spent in the wilderness. 

Lent would eventually take on a few different meanings. One important ancient Lenten tradition was that those who had committed notorious sins would be restored to the Christian assembly around Easter; Lent was a period of time for them to make amends and repent of what they had done. In this way, Lent became a time when Christians would try their hardest to work out their differences and overcome any strife within their community. 

However, even those who were not guilty of notorious sins would still take time during Lent to take a good look at the way they were living their lives. Maybe they did not do something notoriously bad, but maybe there are ways in which they would like to live differently. These people would take on practices that many people retain today: fasting, reading scripture, and self-examination. Lent became, in big and small ways, about repairing your relationship with God and your fellow Christians. 


And so, our gospel lesson today is quite timely. We are smack in the throes of Lent, and there is a wonderful sermon in this story about the younger son. This younger son repents of the bad ways he decided to live his life–a very appropriate Lenten story. In many ways, we are the younger son, and Lent is a time where we recognize our affinity to the younger son. It is a time where we intentionally take a look at our lives; a time of fasting, repentance, and sometimes even lamenting. Our own practices of Lent mirror the son’s words and actions when he turns from the error of his ways and goes back to his home. 

Just as we have this similarity to the prodigal son, we are the recipients of the same kind of love of God that he receives from his father. In the parable, the father seems to be a stand-in for God, and the father welcomes back his son with a celebration that is almost unthinkable in its scope. He brings out a fine robe–which is soon-to-be soiled, since his son has just been working in a pig sty; he brings out a ring to put on his son’s finger, and sandals for his feet–totally unnecessary at the moment; and he summons up a fatted calf to be killed–one of the most prized foods available to him. He easily could have given his son a normal robe and regular food and it would have been a kind gesture. 

Moreover, the father pays no attention at all to anything his son wants to say about the bad things he has done. If you noticed, the son begins his apology speech to his father, and is interrupted by his father’s requests for the fine robe, and the fatted calf. The father does not care, seemingly at all, what the son wants to say in apology for squandering his inheritance and ending up in such a sorry state. 

And this is the same love with which God treats our mistakes. In this story, we recognize that there is nothing we can do that will ruin God’s love for us. We recognize that God is always ready to run out to meet us on the road, and excited to kill the fatted calf for us. It is a reminder, during this season of repentance, that God loves us in a way that is practically unimaginable. 


And, there is another brother in this story. The very angry, very responsible older brother. To really capture the anger of the older brother, I think it is important to revisit what is actually happening. The younger brother: 

  • gets some kind of advance on his inheritance
  • leaves his older brother and father to manage the family business
  • loses his share of the inheritance
  • comes back, and is welcomed back by his father

And the cherry on top. The fatted calf–as with everything else the father gives to the younger son–rightfully belongs to the inheritance of the older brother. The older brother’s anger has many justifications. He is the responsible one, who works to maintain what he is given. In the story, if he did what his younger brother did, then both of them would be starving and out of luck. The younger son has something to come back to only because his older brother did the responsible thing.

I suspect that, many of us here, at some point, have been in the position of the older brother. Whether that is dutifully doing your job while your coworkers seem to slack off; taking the time to volunteer to help the community when other people do not; keeping the house clean while whoever it is that you live with continues to be a slob; or maybe something closer to the actual story of the parable. Examples abound of moments when we play the role of the responsible older brother. 

And so, our gospel lesson today is quite timely. We are smack in the throes of Lent, and there is a wonderful sermon in this story about the older brother. In this kind of sermon, we are invited during this time of Lent to a time of forgiveness. It is an incredibly difficult kind of forgiveness. So hard in fact that we do not actually get to see the older brother achieve it in the story. It is not an easy invitation to respond to, but it is a timeless kind of Lenten invitation none the less. 

In this sermon about the older brother, I think it is important to point out two things. The first, the father actively seeks out his older son when he realizes he is not at the party. The father goes to his older son, who is angry, and is standing in the field outside the party. Just as the father meets his wayward younger son on the road, he goes out to find his angry older son standing in the field. It is a different kind of example of God’s love for us. It is a reminder, during this season of difficult forgiveness, that God will constantly seek us out to be with us, even when we are angry and refusing to go into the party. 

The second thing I want to point out is what the father actually says after his older son is finished yelling at him. The father would be within his rights to reprimand his son, to tell him he is being selfish, to get angry back and yell back at his older son. He does none of these things. He does not return his son’s anger with anger, or even express disappointment about how his son is acting. Rather, he responds with a calmness and love for his older son. In a way, he even gives his older son what he wants. The chief complaint of the older son is, essentially, “you didn’t even give me a young goat to celebrate with my friends”. His father seems to tell him in response “you never even needed to ask for a young goat, it was yours this whole time”. There is a deep love for his older son even when his older son is yelling at him and overwhelmed by anger. 

And so our invitation for Lent remains much the same as it did for the earliest of Christians. We should repent, take stock of the ways we might consider living differently, and turn back to our Father–much like the younger son in our lesson today. We should also try and forgive, even though it is incredibly hard, just like the earliest Christians did during Lent, and just like the older brother is invited  to do in our lesson today. All of this, with the knowledge that in our repentance, God is already running to meet us. With the knowledge that in our trying to forgive, God is already there with us. In the name of the one who loves us first. Amen.

The Tower of Siloam

The Tower of Siloam

 
 
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Sermon — March 23, 2025

The Rev. Greg Johnston

Lectionary Readings

Sometimes, when reading the diverse library of ancient texts we bind in one book and call “The Bible,” you’ll read something strange—something that so clearly comes from a different place and time that it can seem impossible to understand without a lot more context. Sometimes, you read something that speaks so clearly to the kinds of questions we ask here and now that it reminds you, suddenly, that in the timeline of human existence, 2000 years isn’t that long at all—that people in the ancient world felt the same things and thought the same things that we do now. And sometimes, these two experiences—this out-of-context strangeness and this sudden familiarity—happen at the very same time.

Take our Gospel today. On the one hand, you can probably tell that Jesus has something to say about a very common question: “Why do bad things happen to good people?” We asked this thousands of years ago; we still do today. But on the other hand, this story seems to have some context that we’re missing. There are other, less common questions that it raises: “What’s up with the Galileans whose blood Pilate ‘mingled with their sacrifices’?” or “What’s the deal with the tower of Siloam?” or… “What’s Siloam?” If Jesus is referring to these stories to make his point, it seems like it might be important to know more. So let’s start with some of the details about the tower of Siloam, and these Galileans, and then see what that context means for what Jesus is saying. Does that sound like a good plan?

Wrong! It’s a bad plan, I’m sorry to say. (I apologize, I set you up for that.) The sad reality is that there are no more details. There is no more context. In fact, we have no record of these events, other than in the Gospel of Luke. But, to be fair, we can still make some educated guesses to try to understand what he means.

So, some people in the crowd come to tell Jesus about “the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.” This is probably not literally true; you shouldn’t imagine some kind of gruesome ritual event, with Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judaea, literally mixing people’s blood with animal sacrifices. It’s a metaphor for massacre in the Temple, for the killing of some pilgrims who had come from Galilee, just as Jesus is, to worship in Jerusalem. These are presumably upstanding, pious people.  And yet they’re killed, during the very act of religious worship, by their own government. And Jesus asks: Do you think that this human punishment was a sign of divine disfavor? Do you think that simply because the government accuses someone of a crime and punishes them, they are necessarily evil? “No, I tell you!”

There’s a difference, Jesus says, between what’s “legal” and what’s “good,” between what is “illegal” and what is “evil.” Especially under unjust rule, the fact that something is illegal doesn’t mean that it is evil; in fact, the worst governments make it illegal to do many things that are good. Even without the details of the story, we can understand the point: Being punished by Pontius Pilate does not mean that these people are necessarily “worse sinners than all other Galileans.”

But Jesus goes on to make a second point about what we sometimes call “acts of God.” He refers to another story, about the deaths of “eighteen [people] who were killed when the tower of Siloam fell on them.” (Luke 13:4) Siloam is a neighborhood of Jerusalem; we hear about the “pool of Siloam” a few times in the Gospels. But we have no more details about this tower. It seems to be just the tragic story of a building that collapsed, injuring people walking by in the street. Maybe the builders did something wrong, but Jesus doesn’t point a finger. It’s an accident, a disaster, an awful thing that happened at random. “Do you think they were worse offenders,” Jesus asks, “than all the others living in Jerusalem?” (3:4) Were these people singled out by the hand of a vengeful God, who caused a tower to collapse just as they all happened to be walking by? No! It’s an accident, and it’s a tragedy; it’s not a punishment.

And so far, if all you have is these two stories and the rhetorical questions Jesus asks, this all seems straightforward enough. Jesus gives an answer to a that question that people asked 2000 years ago and still ask today: Why do bad things happen to good people? Is there a reason for everything? Is it all part of a larger plan? Or are some things simply random? And what Jesus has to say is that human beings do evil things to one another, and that’s bad; but it’s not a judgment of the victims. And disasters happen, and that’s tragic; but they’re the result of the laws of physics, and not an “act of God.”

But then, in both cases, Jesus goes on. “No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all perish just as they did.” (13:5)

And it’s here that finally historical context becomes the key.


It’s tempting to read this part out of context, actually. It sounds like a universal statement, as if it’s addressed directly to us. And depending on the way you look at things, you might take that one of two ways. Some Christians will read this and think it means that they should repent of their own, specific, individual sins, or they will “perish”—probably a way of describing some kind of eternal punishment. And so they’ll scrutinize themselves and others for signs of sin, lest they be condemned. Other Christians will read this and think it means that they should repent of their own, specific, individual sins, or they will “perish”—and therefore listen politely to the text and then file it away in the same mental drawer with the other bits of the Bible in which Jesus comes across as, well, not very Episcopalian.

But in fact, this is not addressed to the “you” of the reader, the individual modern Christian hearing the text. It’s addressed to the “you” of the story, the group of people who come to him and tell him this story about what Pilate did. And it’s here that the historical context comes into play. Jesus was living in a time that was building toward rebellion, a time of increasing patriotic fervor and nationalistic spirit. Just a few decades after his death, this nationalism would explode into an open revolt, a Jewish War against Rome that very quickly developed into a civil war among Jews well. Many of the people who hear the news that Jesus is the Messiah are ready to start things off. They think that he’s the one who will lead them into war. And he tells them, “No, unless you repent—unless you change your hearts, unless you turn aside from the path you are on—you will perish,” not metaphorically, but literally, in the very same way that the people in those two stories did (that’s what “just as” means). Some will fall to the Roman soldiers’ swords. Some will be trapped in a city reduced to rubble. But unless they turn away from the idea that God will save them through war, one way or another they will be destroyed. By the time Luke writes it down, this has already come to pass. And this is not a divine punishment, per se; it’s a natural consequence of what they want to do, and if you aren’t sure what the difference is, ask one of the parents of the toddlers at Coffee Hour, if you can catch them.

That’s a very specific message for a very specific time, but there is a broader message here, one that really is for each of us. There are times when nations are headed down a self-destructive path. It may well be the case that humankind is on that road; it certainly has been before. And it’s definitely true that in our relationships and friendships, in our church communities and in our individual lives, there are times when we are stuck in toxic patterns, headed down a path that can only lead to the destruction of those relationships and those parts of our lives.

But the good news of Lent is that there is always time to turn away. There is always time to repent from our patterns of self-destruction, and return to the way of love. Jesus wants that desperately for us. Because in a world that’s full of people who want to cut your fig tree down, Jesus is the gardener who begs them to hold off for one more year, so he can put some fertilizer down and see what grows. “God is faithful,” Paul says, and God wants you to find the “way out,” and God invites each one of us, again and again, to turn back.

Friendships and families, churches and nations—these things we build together are fragile, and they’re hard. They are the places where we practice what it is to love one another, and sometimes we don’t do that very well. But that’s why we say the Confession every week. That’s why Lent comes every year. Because we need the constant invitation, again and again, to change our hearts, and turn toward the love of God.